2006a | 2007a | 2008a | 2009a | 2010b | 2011c | 2012c | |
GDP | |||||||
Nominal GDP (US$ m) | 22,812 | 25,858 | 31,052 | 29,922 | 32,413 | 36,925 | 38,343 |
Nominal GDP (YR m) | 4,495,176 | 5,144,567 | 6,203,041 | 6,069,599 | 7,117,526 | 8,486,710 | 9,640,512 |
Real GDP growth (%) | 3.2b | 3.5b | 3.2b | 3.8b | 6.2 | 2.7 | 2.7 |
Expenditure on GDP (% real change) | |||||||
Private consumption | 4.6b | 4.4b | 3.4b | 2.9b | 3.3 | 1.2 | 4.2 |
Government consumption | 6.2b | 7.0b | 7.0b | -1.3b | 0.9 | 3.5 | 0.9 |
Gross fixed investment | 12.5b | 9.5b | 7.4b | -2.2b | -3.7 | -0.2 | 4.6 |
Exports of goods & services | -3.0b | -3.0b | -2.4b | 6.8b | 16.5 | 3.9 | -0.5 |
Imports of goods & services | 7.6b | 5.8b | 4.6b | -1.3b | 0.4 | 0.5 | 3.5 |
Origin of GDP (% real change) | |||||||
Agriculture | 3.3b | 1.5b | 2.2b | -1.0b | 2.0 | 2.2 | 2.0 |
Industry | -0.9b | 4.1b | 2.8b | 5.8b | 9.0 | 3.1 | 2.1 |
Services | 4.5b | 4.0b | 4.0b | 3.5b | 3.8 | 2.6 | 3.4 |
Population and income | |||||||
Population (m) | 21.7 | 22.3 | 22.9 | 23.6 | 24.3 | 25.0 | 25.7 |
GDP per head (US$ at PPP) | 2,574b | 2,675b | 2,742b | 2,793b | 2,910 | 2,949 | 3,022 |
Fiscal indicators (% of GDP) | |||||||
Central government budget revenue | 32.2 | 27.8 | 32.1 | 21.0 | 21.3 | 19.3 | 15.3 |
Central government budget expenditure | 31.2 | 33.7 | 35.8 | 30.4 | 26.2 | 24.9 | 22.4 |
Central government budget balance | 1.0 | -5.9 | -3.7 | -9.3 | -4.9 | -5.6 | -7.2 |
Public debt | 25.6 | 28.2 | 26.5 | 35.4 | 36.0 | 35.6 | 39.9 |
Prices and financial indicators | |||||||
Exchange rate YR:US$ (av) | 197.05 | 198.95 | 199.76 | 202.85 | 219.59a | 229.83 | 251.43 |
Exchange rate YR:US$ (end-period) | 198.50 | 199.54 | 200.08 | 207.32 | 213.80a | 243.00 | 257.00 |
Consumer prices (av; %) | 10.8 | 7.9 | 19.0 | 5.4 | 11.2a | 16.0 | 11.6 |
Stock of money M1 (% change) | 26.2 | 9.9 | 10.8 | 11.5 | 3.7a | 11.2 | 10.3 |
Stock of money M2 (% change) | 26.1 | 17.0 | 13.2 | 12.8 | 11.8a | 11.8 | 12.6 |
Lending interest rate (av; %) | 18.0 | 18.0 | 18.0 | 18.0 | 25.0a | 27.0 | 27.0 |
Current account (US$ m) | |||||||
Trade balance | 1,390 | -441 | -357 | -2,013 | -815 | -374 | -1,767 |
Goods: exports fob | 7,316 | 7,050 | 8,977 | 5,855 | 7,535 | 8,809 | 7,507 |
Goods: imports fob | -5,926 | -7,490 | -9,334 | -7,868 | -8,350 | -9,183 | -9,274 |
Services balance | -1,306 | -1,143 | -1,142 | -896 | -1,214 | -1,372 | -1,317 |
Income balance | -1,234 | -1,350 | -1,915 | -1,171 | -1,868 | -2,303 | -1,864 |
Current transfers balance | 1,356 | 1,426 | 2,163 | 1,515 | 1,963 | 2,064 | 2,335 |
Current-account balance | 206 | -1,508 | -1,251 | -2,565 | -1,933 | -1,984 | -2,613 |
External debt (US$ m) | |||||||
Debt stock | 5,644 | 6,089 | 6,258 | 6,356 | 6,447 | 6,481 | 6,880 |
Debt service paid | 233 | 270 | 284 | 264 | 296 | 323 | 354 |
Principal repayments | 160 | 198 | 204 | 182 | 213 | 228 | 249 |
Interest | 74 | 72 | 79 | 79 | 84 | 95 | 105 |
International reserves (US$ m) | |||||||
Total international reserves | 7,545 | 7,759 | 8,157 | 6,993 | 6,178a | 4,957 | 3,947 |
a Actual. b Economist Intelligence Unit estimates. c Economist Intelligence Unit forecasts. | |||||||
Source: IMF, International Financial Statistics. |
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