According to the National Institute of Statistics, in mid-2010 annual consumer price inflation stood at 1.1%, compared with 5% a year earlier. The minimal price rises were driven primarily by beverages, education and recreation. The political and economic capitals, Yaoundé and Douala, enjoyed the lowest levels of annual inflation, of 0.7% and 0.6% respectively. The far-flung provincial capitals, Garoua and Bamenda, had higher levels of inflation, at 2.3% and 2% respectively, although these levels remain easily within comfortable margins. The regime will be eager to maintain the low levels of inflation, given the recent history of food price-related riots in 2008, in which a number of people were killed, and particularly in advance of the presidential election scheduled for late 2011.