2006a | 2007b | 2008b | 2009b | 2010b | 2011c | 2012c | |
GDP | |||||||
Nominal GDP (US$ bn) | 1.8 | 1.7 | 1.5 | 1.3 | 1.6 | 1.9 | 2.1 |
Nominal GDP (Z$ bn) | 9.01E+02 | 1.08E+05 | 1.38E+13 | 6.05E+27 | 6.62E+27 | 7.21E+27 | 8.04E+27 |
Real GDP growth (%) | -1.6 | -5.5 | -14.2 | -1.3 | 4.8 | 3.3 | 2.4 |
Expenditure on GDP (% real change) | |||||||
Private consumption | -4.5 | -5.0 | -13.9 | -1.0 | 3.5 | 3.1 | 3.3 |
Government consumption | -6.0 | -6.0 | -10.0 | 5.0 | 6.4 | 5.0 | 5.4 |
Gross fixed investment | -1.0 | -5.0 | -8.0 | -2.0 | 6.6 | 3.4 | 2.9 |
Exports of goods & services | -1.0 | -0.8 | -1.2 | -0.5 | 3.3 | 3.8 | 3.5 |
Imports of goods & services | -1.5 | -1.0 | -0.6 | 1.5 | 3.0 | 4.0 | 5.2 |
Origin of GDP (% real change) | |||||||
Agriculture | -4.5 | -5.0 | -24.0 | -4.0 | 11.0 | 4.0 | 2.0 |
Industry | -3.5 | -5.0 | -14.7 | -2.0 | 8.8 | 4.5 | 3.5 |
Services | -5.0b | -5.8 | -11.0 | -0.3 | 4.5 | 2.8 | 2.0 |
Population and income | |||||||
Population (m) | 12.5b | 12.5 | 12.5 | 12.5 | 12.6 | 12.6 | 12.6 |
GDP per head (US$ at PPP) | 188b | 183 | 160 | 159 | 169 | 177 | 186 |
Fiscal indicators (% of GDP) | |||||||
Public-sector revenue | 38.8 | 37.1 | 38.9 | 39.5 | 38.7 | 37.7 | 36.7 |
Public-sector expenditure | 50.2 | 45.8 | 45.1 | 45.8 | 43.5 | 42.1 | 41.1 |
Public-sector balance | -11.4 | -8.7 | -6.2 | -6.3 | -4.8 | -4.4 | -4.4 |
Net public debt | 205.9b | 219.1 | 247.0 | 282.6 | 241.5 | 206.6 | 184.3 |
Prices and financial indicators | |||||||
Exchange rate Z$:US$ (end-period)d | 2.50E+02 | 3.23E+05a | 6.75E+16 | 1.72E+35 | 5.00E+38 | 3.00E+27 | 3.00E+27 |
Consumer prices (end-period; %) | 1.28E+03 | 6.62E+04a | 2.16E+23 | 5.00E+01 | 5.90E+00 | 7.50E+00 | 9.20E+00 |
Stock of money M1 (% change) | 1.32E+03 | 6.67E+04 | 2.88E+09 | 4.47E+16 | 8.36E+01 | 8.38E+01 | 8.64E+01 |
Stock of money M2 (% change) | 1.45E+03 | 6.04E+04 | 3.17E+09 | 4.47E+16 | 9.84E+01 | 1.01E+02 | 1.07E+02 |
Lending interest rate (av; %) | 496.5 | 579.0a | 546.0 | 352.0 | 41.0 | 36.0 | 25.0 |
Current account (US$ m) | |||||||
Trade balance | -651b | -542 | -611 | -1,529 | -1,428 | -1,165 | -1,625 |
Goods: exports fob | 1,502b | 1,432 | 1,303 | 1,610 | 2,245 | 2,691 | 2,500 |
Goods: imports fob | -2,153b | -1,975 | -1,914 | -3,139 | -3,673 | -3,856 | -4,125 |
Services balance | -88b | -108 | -146 | -130 | -202 | -249 | -259 |
Income balance | -151b | -144 | -189 | -198 | -180 | -156 | -143 |
Current transfers balance | 264b | 266 | 270 | 720 | 971 | 1,222 | 1,224 |
Current-account balance | -626b | -528 | -676 | -1,137 | -839 | -348 | -803 |
External debt (US$ m) | |||||||
Debt stock | 4,651 | 5,292a | 5,199a | 5,891a | 6,027 | 6,227 | 6,367 |
Debt service paid | 85 | 80a | 29a | 58 | 53 | 66 | 70 |
Principal repayments | 33 | 39a | 8a | 36a | 25 | 36 | 35 |
Interest | 53 | 41a | 21a | 22 | 28 | 31 | 36 |
Debt service due | 438 | 445a | 230a | 777 | 358 | 361 | 488 |
International reserves (US$ m) | |||||||
Total international reserves | 139b | 117 | 96 | 351 | 376 | 462 | 464 |
a Actual. b Economist Intelligence Unit estimates. c Economist Intelligence Unit forecasts. d The currency re-denominations carried out in 2008 and 2009 have not been applied in order to give a consistent data series. | |||||||
Source: IMF, International Financial Statistics. |
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