2006a | 2007b | 2008b | 2009b | 2010b | 2011c | 2012c | |
GDPd | |||||||
Nominal GDP (US$ m) | 11,888b | 16,312 | 22,666 | 26,275 | 31,842 | 35,778 | 39,976 |
Nominal GDP (Kt bn) | 15,217b | 21,043 | 26,859 | 27,720 | 30,886 | 35,778 | 41,775 |
Real GDP growth (%) | 3.4b | 3.4 | 1.1 | 1.8 | 3.1 | 4.0 | 4.4 |
Expenditure on GDP (% real change)d | |||||||
Private consumption | 3.0b | 2.0 | -1.8 | 0.2 | 1.5 | 2.0 | 2.0 |
Government consumption | 15.0b | 15.0 | 15.0 | 12.0 | 8.0 | 8.0 | 6.0 |
Gross fixed investment | 5.0b | 6.0 | 10.0 | 5.0 | 7.5 | 10.2 | 13.0 |
Exports of goods & services | 12.0b | 10.0 | 2.5 | 5.0 | 8.0 | 6.1 | 5.0 |
Imports of goods & services | 30.0b | 9.0 | 4.2 | 12.0 | 15.0 | 15.0 | 18.0 |
Origin of GDP (% real change)d | |||||||
Agriculture | 3.0b | 1.4 | 2.2 | 2.5 | 3.2 | 3.0 | 3.2 |
Industry | 8.2b | 9.0 | 7.8 | 1.2 | 4.3 | 5.8 | 8.5 |
Services | 1.7b | 3.5 | -3.7 | 1.2 | 2.1 | 4.5 | 4.0 |
Population and income | |||||||
Population (m) | 48.7 | 49.1a | 49.6a | 50.0a | 50.4 | 50.9 | 51.3 |
GDP per head (US$ at PPP) | 2,505b | 2,643 | 2,707 | 2,757 | 2,834 | 2,972 | 3,144 |
Fiscal indicators (% of GDP)d | |||||||
Central government budget revenue | 4.4b | 4.2 | 4.4 | 4.5 | 4.4 | 4.6 | 4.8 |
Central government budget expenditure | 7.1b | 7.2 | 8.0 | 9.3 | 9.6 | 9.7 | 9.9 |
Central government budget balance | -2.6b | -3.0 | -3.5 | -4.8 | -5.1 | -5.1 | -5.2 |
Prices and financial indicators | |||||||
Exchange rate Kt:US$ (av; official rate) | 5.78 | 5.56a | 5.36a | 5.50a | 5.55 | 5.61 | 5.71 |
Exchange rate Kt:US$ (av; free-market rate) | 1,280b | 1,290 | 1,185 | 1,055 | 970 | 1,000 | 1,045 |
Consumer prices (end-period, %) | 28.4 | 28.6a | 16.0a | 2.2a | 11.7 | 12.7 | 12.7 |
Stock of money M1 (% change; end-period) | 26.5 | 30.2a | 6.8a | 24.0a | 15.2 | 16.2 | 18.0 |
Stock of money M2 (% change; end-period) | 27.2 | 30.0a | 14.8a | 30.6a | 18.6 | 15.8 | 16.9 |
Lending interest rate (av; %) | 16.1 | 17.0a | 17.0a | 17.0a | 17.0 | 17.0 | 17.0 |
Current account (US$ m) | |||||||
Trade balance | 2,211 | 3,206 | 3,216 | 2,842 | 3,832 | 3,483 | 2,890 |
Goods: exports fob | 4,555 | 6,170 | 6,677 | 6,862 | 8,744 | 9,508 | 9,931 |
Goods: imports fob | -2,343 | -2,964 | -3,461 | -4,020 | -4,912 | -6,025 | -7,042 |
Services balance | -283 | -307 | -347 | -418 | -440 | -471 | -510 |
Income balance | -1,248 | -1,750 | -2,033 | -2,035 | -2,696 | -2,832 | -2,988 |
Current transfers balance | 122 | 137 | 372 | 316 | 190 | 183 | 205 |
Current-account balance | 802 | 1,285 | 1,208 | 705 | 885 | 363 | -403 |
External debt (US$ m) | |||||||
Debt stock | 6,839 | 7,598a | 7,210a | 7,079 | 7,294 | 7,173 | 7,205 |
Debt service paid | 124 | 203a | 188a | 153 | 174 | 175 | 171 |
Principal repayments | 61 | 145a | 152a | 120 | 139 | 137 | 132 |
Interest | 63 | 57a | 36a | 34 | 35 | 38 | 39 |
International reserves (US$ m) | |||||||
Total international reserves | 1,248 | 2,312 | 3,412 | 3,561 | 3,762 | 4,187 | 4,347 |
a Actual. b Economist Intelligence Unit estimates. c Economist Intelligence Unit forecasts. d Fiscal years (beginning April 1st of year shown). | |||||||
Source: IMF, International Financial Statistics. |
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