2010 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 | |
Economic growth (%) | ||||||
US GDP | 2.7 | 2.2 | 2.1 | 2.3 | 2.2 | 2.5 |
OECD GDP | 2.7 | 1.8 | 2.0 | 2.2 | 2.2 | 2.1 |
World GDP | 3.6 | 2.7 | 2.9 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 3.1 |
World trade | 12.4 | 5.9 | 6.3 | 6.7 | 6.7 | 6.3 |
Inflation indicators (% unless otherwise indicated) | ||||||
US CPI | 1.5 | 1.0 | 1.9 | 2.5 | 2.8 | 2.8 |
OECD CPI | 1.3 | 1.1 | 1.7 | 2.0 | 2.1 | 2.3 |
Manufactures (measured in US$) | 3.2 | 0.7 | 0.2 | 1.8 | 1.2 | 1.8 |
Oil (Brent; US$/b) | 80.0 | 82.0 | 81.3 | 78.3 | 75.5 | 71.0 |
Non-oil commodities (measured in US$) | 23.2 | 9.5 | -4.4 | -4.0 | 1.5 | 0.1 |
Financial variables | ||||||
US$ 3-month commercial paper rate (av; %) | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.7 | 2.2 | 4.1 | 5.1 |
¥ 3-month money market rate (av; %) | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.9 | 1.3 | 1.9 | 2.3 |
Exchange rate: ¥:US$ (av) | 88.0 | 82.4 | 82.4 | 81.0 | 82.1 | 83.5 |
Exchange rate: Rp:US$ (av) | 9,090 | 8,955 | 8,968 | 9,055 | 9,129 | 9,209 |
Exchange rate: US$:€ (av) | 1.32 | 1.25 | 1.20 | 1.18 | 1.16 | 1.17 |
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