2006a | 2007a | 2008a | 2009a | 2010b | 2011c | 2012c | |
GDP | |||||||
Nominal GDP (US$ m) | 22,442 | 24,834 | 29,784 | 34,485 | 37,719 | 42,585 | 47,882 |
Nominal GDP (L£ bn) | 33,831 | 37,438 | 44,900 | 51,986 | 56,861 | 64,196 | 72,182 |
Real GDP growth (%) | 0.6 | 7.5 | 9.3 | 8.5 | 7.5 | 5.9 | 6.2 |
Expenditure on GDP (% real change) | |||||||
Private consumption | -2.1 | 6.6 | 9.5 | 8.3 | 7.0 | 6.2 | 6.3 |
Government consumption | 2.6 | 4.5 | 8.6 | 8.6 | 2.1 | 3.9 | 3.2 |
Gross fixed investment | 2.8 | 20.3 | 18.0 | 32.8 | 9.3 | 7.1 | 8.1 |
Exports of goods & services | -0.9 | 13.8 | 13.7 | 1.7 | 8.2 | 6.5 | 6.1 |
Imports of goods & services | -3.2 | 17.2 | 16.9 | 20.7 | 7.0 | 7.1 | 7.8 |
Population and income | |||||||
Population (m) | 4.1 | 4.2 | 4.2 | 4.2 | 4.3 | 4.3 | 4.3 |
GDP per head (US$ at PPP) | 9,407b | 10,335b | 11,460b | 12,459b | 13,348 | 14,251 | 15,341 |
Fiscal indicators (% of GDP) | |||||||
Central government revenue | 21.6 | 23.4 | 23.6 | 24.4 | 23.4 | 22.2 | 21.0 |
Central government expenditure | 35.1 | 33.6 | 33.4 | 33.0 | 28.9 | 29.8 | 28.7 |
Central government balance | -13.5 | -10.3 | -9.8 | -8.6 | -5.4 | -7.6 | -7.7 |
Net public debt | 179.9 | 169.2 | 157.9 | 148.2 | 139.1 | 130.8 | 124.1 |
Prices and financial indicators | |||||||
Exchange rate L£:US$ (end-period) | 1,507.5 | 1,507.5 | 1,507.5 | 1,507.5 | 1,507.5 | 1,507.5 | 1,507.5 |
Exchange rate ¥:L£ (end-period) | 0.079 | 0.074 | 0.060 | 0.062 | 0.055 | 0.055 | 0.054 |
Consumer prices (end-period; %) | 5.6 | 9.3 | 5.5 | 3.4 | 4.0 | 2.8 | 3.0 |
Stock of money M1 (% change) | 12.5 | 7.7 | 19.3 | 13.4 | 14.2 | 13.1 | 10.8 |
Stock of money M2 (% change) | 7.8 | 12.4 | 14.8 | 19.6 | 11.9 | 10.4 | 12.0 |
Lending interest rate (av; %) | 10.3 | 10.3 | 10.0 | 9.6 | 8.5 | 8.3 | 8.4 |
Current account (US$ m) | |||||||
Trade balance | -6,115 | -7,880 | -11,010 | -11,179 | -12,992 | -13,558 | -13,643 |
Goods: exports fob | 3,229 | 4,046 | 5,251 | 4,716 | 5,087 | 5,576 | 6,099 |
Goods: imports fob | -9,345 | -11,926 | -16,261 | -15,895 | -18,079 | -19,135 | -19,742 |
Services balance | 2,847 | 2,767 | 4,110 | 2,564 | 3,954 | 5,352 | 7,381 |
Income balance | 184 | 740 | 437 | -767 | -393 | -143 | -9 |
Current transfers balance | 1,864 | 2,769 | 2,361 | 1,827 | 2,157 | 2,162 | 2,298 |
Current-account balance | -1,221 | -1,605 | -4,103 | -7,555 | -7,274 | -6,187 | -3,974 |
External debt (US$ m) | |||||||
Debt stock | 30,826b | 31,713b | 30,611b | 31,892b | 34,167 | 35,295 | 35,894 |
Debt service paid | 3,246b | 4,414b | 5,583b | 5,726b | 5,143 | 5,287 | 5,084 |
Principal repayments | 1,159b | 2,082b | 3,253b | 3,380b | 2,836 | 2,852 | 2,574 |
Interest | 2,087b | 2,331b | 2,329b | 2,346b | 2,308 | 2,435 | 2,510 |
International reserves (US$ m) | |||||||
Total international reserves | 19,184 | 20,550 | 28,276 | 39,165 | 44,739 | 47,455 | 49,628 |
a Actual. b Economist Intelligence Unit estimates. c Economist Intelligence Unit forecasts. | |||||||
Source: IMF, International Financial Statistics. |
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