2006a | 2007a | 2008a | 2009a | 2010b | 2011c | 2012c | |
GDP | |||||||
Nominal GDP (US$ bn) | 2,780 | 3,458 | 4,416 | 4,909 | 5,627 | 6,656 | 7,674 |
Nominal GDP (Rmb bn) | 22,165 | 26,309 | 30,686 | 33,535 | 38,094 | 43,267 | 48,977 |
Real GDP growth (%) | 12.7 | 14.2 | 9.6 | 9.1 | 10.2 | 8.8 | 8.7 |
Expenditure on GDP (% real change) | |||||||
Private consumption | 9.8b | 11.0b | 8.6b | 10.4b | 9.4 | 9.9 | 9.3 |
Government consumption | 10.0b | 11.5b | 8.5b | 7.2b | 7.5 | 8.0 | 8.8 |
Gross fixed investment | 13.3b | 14.3b | 10.4b | 21.2b | 10.6 | 9.6 | 9.0 |
Exports of goods & services | 20.7b | 20.4b | 13.9b | -9.1b | 15.3 | 8.8 | 10.4 |
Imports of goods & services | 19.5b | 18.5b | 15.2b | -2.7b | 13.7 | 10.3 | 11.8 |
Origin of GDP (% real change) | |||||||
Agriculture | 5.0 | 3.7 | 5.4 | 4.2 | 2.4 | 2.6 | 3.0 |
Industry | 13.4 | 15.1 | 9.9 | 9.9 | 11.7 | 9.5 | 8.8 |
Services | 14.1 | 16.0 | 10.4 | 9.3 | 9.9 | 9.2 | 9.6 |
Population and income | |||||||
Population (m) | 1,283b | 1,290b | 1,297b | 1,305b | 1,312 | 1,320 | 1,328 |
GDP per head (US$ at PPP) | 4,962b | 5,801b | 6,463b | 7,075b | 7,795 | 8,575 | 9,462 |
Fiscal indicators (% of GDP) | |||||||
General government revenue | 17.5 | 19.5 | 20.0 | 20.4 | 20.5 | 20.6 | 20.7 |
General government expenditure | 18.2 | 18.9 | 20.4 | 22.6 | 22.8 | 22.4 | 22.3 |
General government balance | -0.8 | 0.6 | -0.4 | -2.2 | -2.3 | -1.8 | -1.6 |
Net public debt | 20.8b | 17.3b | 15.6b | 16.9b | 17.5 | 17.4 | 17.3 |
Prices and financial indicators | |||||||
Exchange rate Rmb:US$ (end-period) | 7.81 | 7.31 | 6.84 | 6.83 | 6.57 | 6.39 | 6.23 |
Exchange rate ¥:Rmb (end-period) | 10.31 | 10.67 | 9.50 | 9.79 | 8.77 | 7.67 | 7.41 |
Consumer prices (end-period; %) | 2.8 | 6.6 | 1.4 | 1.5 | 5.5 | 3.3 | 3.7 |
Producer prices (av; %) | 3.0 | 3.1 | 6.9 | -5.4 | 5.5 | 4.1 | 3.5 |
Stock of money M1 (% change) | 17.9 | 21.0 | 9.0 | 33.2 | 21.3 | 15.4 | 14.5 |
Stock of money M2 (% change) | 22.1 | 16.7 | 17.8 | 28.4 | 18.2 | 16.1 | 16.5 |
Lending interest rate (end-period; %) | 6.1 | 7.5 | 5.3 | 5.3 | 5.6 | 6.6 | 7.1 |
Current account (US$ bn) | |||||||
Trade balance | 217.7 | 315.4 | 360.7 | 249.5 | 271.4 | 224.4 | 217.6 |
Goods: exports fob | 969.7 | 1,220.0 | 1,434.6 | 1,203.8 | 1,587.3 | 1,752.8 | 1,959.6 |
Goods: imports fob | -751.9 | -904.6 | -1,073.9 | -954.3 | -1,315.9 | -1,528.4 | -1,742.0 |
Services balance | -8.8 | -7.9 | -11.8 | -29.4 | -24.0 | -27.8 | -35.3 |
Income balance | 15.2 | 25.7 | 41.4 | 43.3 | 39.1 | 78.0 | 100.8 |
Current transfers balance | 29.2 | 38.7 | 45.8 | 33.7 | 37.0 | 40.4 | 42.8 |
Current-account balance | 253.3 | 371.8 | 436.1 | 297.1 | 323.4 | 315.0 | 325.9 |
External debt (US$ bn) | |||||||
Debt stock | 325.3 | 373.8 | 378.2 | 348.3b | 413.9 | 471.5 | 531.9 |
Debt service paid | 27.5 | 32.2 | 34.4 | 39.1b | 31.3 | 36.8 | 44.3 |
Principal repayments | 18.1 | 20.8 | 25.1 | 31.4b | 24.5 | 28.1 | 32.3 |
Interest | 9.4 | 11.4 | 9.2 | 7.8b | 6.8 | 8.8 | 12.0 |
International reserves (US$ bn) | |||||||
Total international reserves | 1,072.6 | 1,534.4 | 1,953.3 | 2,425.9 | 2,769.6 | 3,124.6 | 3,446.8 |
a Actual. b Economist Intelligence Unit estimates. c Economist Intelligence Unit forecasts. | |||||||
Sources: IMF, International Financial Statistics. |
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