2006a | 2007a | 2008a | 2009a | 2010b | 2011c | 2012c | |
GDP | |||||||
Nominal GDP (US$ m) | 530,917 | 647,140 | 730,325 | 614,619 | 724,160 | 779,440 | 850,877 |
Nominal GDP (TL m) | 758,391 | 843,178 | 950,534 | 952,635 | 1,086,834 | 1,225,218 | 1,350,451 |
Real GDP growth (%) | 6.9 | 4.7 | 0.7 | -4.7 | 8.0 | 5.3 | 5.2 |
Expenditure on GDP (% real change) | |||||||
Private consumption | 4.6 | 5.5 | -0.3 | -2.2 | 7.0 | 5.5 | 5.0 |
Government consumption | 8.4 | 6.5 | 1.7 | 7.8 | 0.5 | 5.0 | 4.0 |
Gross fixed investment | 13.3 | 3.1 | -6.2 | -19.1 | 26.5 | 16.5 | 11.5 |
Exports of goods & services | 6.6 | 7.3 | 2.7 | -5.3 | 1.5 | 1.8 | 4.7 |
Imports of goods & services | 6.9 | 10.7 | -4.1 | -14.3 | 18.4 | 12.0 | 10.0 |
Origin of GDP (% real change) | |||||||
Agriculture | 1.4 | -6.7 | 4.3 | 3.5 | -2.0 | 1.0 | 0.5 |
Industry | 10.2 | 5.8 | -1.3 | -8.4 | 8.5 | 5.0 | 4.0 |
Services | 6.0 | 6.1 | 1.6 | -3.2 | 9.7 | 6.2 | 6.8 |
Population and income | |||||||
Population (m) | 70.4b | 71.2b | 71.9b | 72.6b | 73.3 | 74.0 | 74.7 |
GDP per head (US$ at PPP) | 11,714b | 12,490b | 12,716b | 12,109b | 13,027 | 13,821 | 14,721 |
Recorded unemployment (av; %) | 9.9 | 10.3 | 11.0 | 14.1 | 12.2 | 12.2 | 12.2 |
Fiscal indicators (% of GDP) | |||||||
Central government revenue | 22.9 | 22.6 | 22.1 | 22.6 | 23.0 | 22.5 | 22.8 |
Central government expenditure | 23.5 | 24.2 | 23.9 | 28.1 | 26.3 | 25.7 | 25.4 |
Central government balance | -0.6 | -1.6 | -1.8 | -5.5 | -3.3 | -3.1 | -2.6 |
Gross public debt | 45.5 | 39.6 | 40.0 | 46.3 | 44.4 | 42.3 | 40.9 |
Prices and financial indicators | |||||||
Exchange rate TL:US$ (end-period) | 1.409 | 1.171 | 1.526 | 1.491 | 1.515 | 1.569 | 1.599 |
Exchange rate TL:€ (end-period) | 1.859 | 1.710 | 2.121 | 2.137 | 2.022 | 1.882 | 1.903 |
Consumer prices (end-period; %) | 9.7 | 8.4 | 10.1 | 6.5 | 7.5 | 6.3 | 5.7 |
Stock of money M1 (% change) | 10.7 | 20.1 | 14.5 | 17.1 | 24.4 | 12.7 | 10.2 |
Lending interest rate (av; %) | 28.0b | 27.0b | 26.5b | 21.0b | 19.0 | 18.3 | 19.5 |
Current account (US$ m) | |||||||
Trade balance | -41,059 | -46,795 | -53,021 | -24,896 | -51,276 | -54,980 | -58,615 |
Goods: exports fob | 93,610 | 115,361 | 140,800 | 109,640 | 117,855 | 122,806 | 131,735 |
Goods: imports fob | -134,669 | -162,156 | -193,821 | -134,536 | -169,131 | -177,786 | -190,350 |
Services balance | 13,610 | 13,344 | 17,121 | 16,305 | 14,311 | 12,286 | 13,009 |
Income balance | -6,656 | -7,103 | -8,159 | -7,671 | -7,266 | -3,958 | -4,406 |
Current transfers balance | 1,908 | 2,243 | 2,113 | 2,299 | 1,623 | 1,746 | 1,906 |
Current-account balance | -32,197 | -38,311 | -41,946 | -13,963 | -42,609 | -44,906 | -48,105 |
External debt (US$ m) | |||||||
Debt stock | 206,833 | 249,181 | 277,277 | 268,274bd | 278,560 | 274,883 | 277,095 |
Debt service paid | 40,170 | 47,848 | 54,422 | 67,224b | 62,320 | 57,252 | 60,311 |
Principal repayments | 30,505 | 35,966 | 41,368 | 58,467b | 54,083 | 48,397 | 50,843 |
Interest | 9,665 | 11,882 | 13,054 | 8,758b | 8,237 | 8,855 | 9,468 |
International reserves (US$ m) | |||||||
Total international reserves | 63,265 | 76,507 | 73,657 | 74,995 | 84,631 | 86,074 | 83,118 |
a Actual. b Economist Intelligence Unit estimates. c Economist Intelligence Unit forecasts. d Based on full-year official data. | |||||||
Source: IMF, International Financial Statistics. |
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