Country Report Ethiopia January 2011

Outlook for 2011-12: External sector

Ethiopia's structural trade imbalance will keep the overall current account firmly in deficit during 2011-12. Trade activity will quicken in line with faster economic growth, although import growth will outpace export growth, leading to a wider trade deficit in both years. Robust economic growth, high global oil prices and growing demand for capital goods for infrastructure projects will drive up import costs. Exports will receive a boost from a more competitive exchange rate, which should enhance export volumes, as well as an expected rise in cash crop production, although weaker world coffee prices will partially offset this. The services account is forecast to switch from deficit to surplus owing to the projected start-up of electricity exports to neighbouring countries in 2011. The country's dependence on concessional borrowing from donors and private remittances will continue (current transfers are over twice as large as export earnings) and growth in transfers will mitigate the expanding trade deficit. New data just released for 2008-09 show GDP growth lower than previously estimated. This in turn has raised the forecast current-account deficit as a percentage of GDP, but the trend remains the same. Overall, the current-account deficit is forecast to average 9.9% (previously 4%) of GDP in 2011-12.

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