The Council of Oman (parliament) comprises the Majlis al-Dawla (State Council) and the Majlis al-Shura (Consultative Council). Members of the Majlis al-Dawla are appointed by the sultan for a four-year term. Members of the 83-seat Majlis al-Shura are elected for a four-year term by universal suffrage, but the council has no legislative powers. The last election was held in October 2007. Despite concerns that the chamber's lack of political power would deter voters, the turnout was around 60% of the electorate. Women are encouraged to participate in the elections. Even though a number of women were nominated as candidates by their districts in the last election, all the seats were won by men. The sultan has encouraged the participation of women in Omani society, and Oman celebrated its first annual Omani Women's Day in October.

The Economist Intelligence Unit does not expect further progress on political reform in the forecast period. The Majlis al-Shura is unlikely to acquire legislative powers in the near term. Although it can make recommendations on domestic legislation, discussion of foreign policy or defence matters is not permitted. The next election is scheduled for October 2011.